Research Paper Topics on Nathaniel Hawthorne

Research Paper Topics on Nathaniel HawthorneYou may be wondering why the pros are writing articles for Nathaniel Hawthorne rather than using other sources. The reason is that articles written by the pros are both more specific and informative than your average blog post or article from the many websites out there that are not authored by a professional. The articles offer the reader a chance to learn about the author's background and a preview of what the author has written before reading the entire article.It is very important to remember that if you want to succeed in this article writing business, then you must learn how to write a research paper based on Nathaniel Hawthorne. The key to success is understanding his work so that you can write your own research paper based on a few of his short stories.First, you must understand the style of writing that Nathaniel Hawthorne employed when he wrote his short stories. In his work, he tells the story of a man living in a small town who discovers something special about a painting. As you read his short stories, you will notice that the stories all have an ending, yet they have twists and turns. If you were to analyze all of the stories in his work, you will find that there are some common themes that are presented throughout the short stories.For example, you will find that the story about James Agee has many of the same twists and turns that are present in James Agee's story 'A Case of Imposture.' There are many different characters in Hawthorne's work, but one of the characters you will most often find in his work is Dr. Noah, who is the narrator of many of the stories.The first person, third person narrative, which is common in Nathaniel Hawthorne's stories, is also present in the stories of Dr. Noah. You will also notice that there are many narrators in his stories. In short, he presents a variety of voices to keep the reader interested in his stories.As you are reading his work, you will be able to identify w ho the character is in the story that you are reading. You will also understand who he is speaking to and why he is speaking to him. The main point to take away from this is that you should always take notice of the characters of his stories, and you should read them carefully.A simple way to look at his style of writing is to consider the style of James Agee. His style of writing is also described as being three-dimensional. His characters always have depth, and each character is developed over the course of the story.If you do not understand the dialogue and the writing style of Hawthorne, you can learn about his style of writing by researching his works. For example, you can learn about Hawthorne's novels, and his short stories, by taking a look at his short stories on the Internet.

Frida Kahlo Research Paper Fundamentals Explained

Frida Kahlo Research Paper Fundamentals Explained Research paper writing is quite an intriguing job for students should they perform it with total dedication and motivation. The research paper needs to be interesting to read from the start to the end. Employed as a research assistant while you're studying is another manner which you might get in. Nonetheless, with the right expertise, executing such research papers is a simple and intriguing endeavor. Your selection of a proper research subject is often determined by whether you're interested in reading or investigating. You should also learn the drawbacks and advantages of research in a proposal. What's more, it's also advisable to talk about the associate topics in a logical manner with other folks. Before selecting a research topic ask yourself these questions. As you state your primary concept, subject, and a purpose, be sure to capture reader's interest. Instead of being required to write everything carefully, all that students need to do is, visit a generator and insert personal sources. The next step in how to compose a research paper demands a tiny bit of organization once the time arrives to really write it down. Whenever you do, writing your paper will be as simple as making a pie. What You Should Do to Find Out About Frida Kahlo Research Paper Before You're Left Behind Step No 2 Find Sources You are able to look for writing sources by employing the card catalog or computer database in library to work out a book applicable to the subject of your study. Be certain to take down all of the feasible references you need and where they are available. After a preliminary research was done, the thesis statement was solidified and a procedure of research was chosen, a concise outline has to be written. You may also get help on how best to write research paper outline example at their site. When you have a look at the goal of the paper and the audience degree, you can determine the support ing documents you have to collect and provide in your writing. There's a second outline type an official outline. Your outline is a handy tool which can help you organize your thoughts before starting your draft. A superb outline is easily the most important step to be aware of when learning how to compose a research paper. Students may use the support of their advisors and teachers. Normally, they find it a very difficult task to write research papers. First of all, they need to choose a topic for the research. Quite frequently, they get assigned academic research. A History of Frida Kahlo Research Paper Refuted A relative of Kahlo claims that Mattel isn't authorized to create the Kahlo Barbie. Rivera and Kahlo was married under a year when he had his very first affair. In 1939, Kahlo went to reside in Paris for a moment. Frida Kahlo, a famed Mexican artist, had the truly special and distinctive talent of being in a position to articulate her deep emotions with an eas y brush. Frida Kahlo Research Paper Can Be Fun for Everyone Research paper outline examples are extremely hard for most students since they are so lengthy. If you are now writing a paper, I advise looking at an MLA research paper example and attempt to format your own paper in exactly the same way. The period paper is normally categorized in two unique categories like the analytical term papers and argumentative term papers. Publishing a research paper may not help you land a job for a calculus instructor but it's helpful in many fields. The Basic Principles of Frida Kahlo Research Paper That You Can Learn From Starting Right Away A fantastic research paper help company has an exceptional reputation for providing its customers with good excellent research paper example help at reasonable prices. There various steps you have to follow so as to create a superior research paper. One of the main factors when you're about to get a research paper is the price. You do not need to be concerned about the remainder of your research paper because the content will be contingent on the material written back on your index cards. Frida Kahlo Research Paper: No Longer a Mystery All you need to do is use different citation styles to attribute research to a preceding author and you're free of any difficulties. Without a suitable formatting context, students cannot realize the liberal arts and humanities scholars. Many students that are thinking about how to compose a research paper also have to be critical on this issue choice.

What Is A Good Critical Essay Writing Sample?

What Is A Good Critical Essay Writing Sample?To be successful in school and with a job, you need to have a good grade in your critical essay writing sample. Students are not afforded enough time to prepare for this kind of writing because they are so busy dealing with the everyday coursework and the tests. Some students can even get distracted by their classmates' exams, so that they do not have much time to work on the essays. If you want to set your mind at ease when it comes to high school essay writing, a good example from a critical essay sample will help you understand the importance of a good, well-written essay.One of the major reasons that students fall behind their classmates when it comes to essays is because they often do not have the time to do research on things that may be crucial to getting the perfect grade. If you do not have a solid understanding of the academic environment that you are entering into, you might be losing out on opportunities that you could have had if you had taken the time to study. Writing a quality essay requires time and knowledge about subjects that you need to know in order to provide an adequate explanation. This can be done without having to spend a great deal of time studying, since you already have a good understanding of the subject matter and the basic academic structure.A high school student should not have a hard time providing an honest grade for his or her essay writing sample because there are many ways to prepare for them. It is important that the student understands how the grading process works in the first place and then gets to work on planning an essay in a manner that makes it as easy as possible for him or her to get a good grade. After all, essays are among the most important parts of the grade requirements, especially for students who are so busy and stressed. Most college admissions offices expect top grades from prospective students in order to make sure that they are academically ready for higher education.The first thing that you should do when it comes to preparing for an essay is to sit down and write a high school essay of your own that you feel will be able to provide you with a satisfactory grade. You should also think about what kind of paper you want to write, whether you are going to try to include information from a classroom project or to use a reference list. You should also decide whether you are going to include a secondary source or not, and which specific section of the work you are going to read about. There are many things that you can do with your essay that will help to create a good grade.Once you have made your choice of topic, you should find a high school essay writing sample that includes a variety of topics. If you want to come up with something that is more challenging than a standard essay, you should consider using an essay template. There are many different types of essay samples and templates, so that you will have many opportunities to choose from and to include your own style and topic into the mix.Your essay must have some amount of variety in it. The majority of students who take an essay writing sample are aiming for grades that are fair and consistent. If you are going to give your essay a hard time, you will have to come up with more unique essays, but it will be more difficult to accomplish. You should also make sure that your essay has a strong connection to the issues and experiences that you discuss.A high school student cannot rely entirely on the papers that they have written themselves because that would only make them look like students who are spoiled and undisciplined. They need to learn how to come up with essays that are different and unique, just like the topics that they plan to write about.

The Commonwealth and Malaysia free essay sample

The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, most of which were once governed by the United Kingdom and are its former colonies. It was formerly known as the British Commonwealth of Nations. The Commonwealth is an organisation where countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction. The primary activities of the Commonwealth are to create an atmosphere of economic cooperation between member nations, as well as the promotion of democracy and good governance in them. There are two terms that a country must fulfil for the country to become a part of the Commonwealth. The first term is that the country must have already achieved its independence. The second term is that the country has been part of Britain or a part of its colony. If any country fulfils these two requirements they can automatically be a part of the Commonwealth (WordIQ. We will write a custom essay sample on The Commonwealth and Malaysia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page com 2011). The main objective of Commonwealth is to provide facilities and benefit to member countries and to have diplomatic relations between members and non member countries History Origins of Commonwealth The idea of the Commonwealth took root in the 19th century. In 1867 Canada became the first colony to be transformed into self -governing ‘Dominion’ and others followed. In 1884, the politician Lord Rosebery became the first to call this changing British Empire as the ‘Commonwealth of Nations’. In 1931, the United Kingdom parliament adopted the statue of Westminster, forming the legal foundation of what was to become of the Commonwealth. Under the Statute, the Dominions of Canada, Newfoundland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the Irish Free State became autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011) In 1930 the first Empire Games later to be known as the Commonwealth Games was held for the first time. Modern Commonwealth The modern Commonwealth that we recognize it today really began with the independence of India and Pakistan from Britain in 1947. In 1949, India’s desire to become a republic and to cut constitutional ties with the British monarchy while remaining within the Commonwealth, forced leaders to rethink the principals of the Commonwealth membership. The London Declaration of the same year dropped the word ‘British’ from the association’s title. Removing the requirement that member countries have the British monarch as their Head of State, the same declaration recognised King George IV as the symbol of their free association and as such the Head of the Commonwealth. India was thus welcomed as the first republican member in a modern and voluntary association. Committed to racial equality and national sovereignty, the Commonwealth became the natural association of choice of many new nations emerging out of decolonisation in the 1950s and 1960s. From this point on the Commonwealth expanded rapidly with new members from Africa, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and the Pacific. (The Commonwealth Conversation 2011) Commonwealth Countries -Anguilla -Antigua and Barbuda -Australia -Australian Antarctic Territory Bahamas -Bangladesh -Barbados -Belize -Bermuda -Botswana -British Antarctic Territory -British Indian Ocean Territory -British Virgin Islands -Brunei -Cameroon -Canada -Cayman Islands -Channel Islands -Cook Islands -Cyprus -Dominica -Namibia -Nauru -New Zealand -Nigeria -Niue -Norfolk Island -Pakistan -Papua New Guinea -Pitcairn Islands -Ross Dependency -Seychelles -Sierra Leone -Singapore -Solomon Islands -South Africa -Sri Lanka -St Christophe r-Nevis -St Helena -St Lucia -St Vincent and the Grenadines -Swaziland -Tanzania -Tokelau -Tonga Trinidad and Tobago -Falkland Islands -Falkland Islands Dependencies -Fiji -Gambia -Ghana -Gibraltar -Grenada -Guyana -India -Isle of Man -Jamaica -Kenya -Kiribati -Lesotho -Malawi -Malaysia -Maldives -Malta -Mauritius -Montserrat -Mozambique -Turks and Caicos Islands -Tuvalu -Uganda -Vanuatu -Western Samoa -Zambia -Zimbabwe How Malaysia became a member of the Commonwealth Malaya had been voted into the Commonwealth at the 1957 Prime Ministers conference. Then the Commonwealth countries helped Malaya to become a part of the United Nations. The entry of Malaya made it easier for the newly formed Malaysia which included Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore to become a member of the Commonwealth as well. Furthermore, the entry of Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore into the newly formed Malaysia was supported by the Commonwealth as Britain wanted to give all its colonies independence (Boyce . P. J). The Malayan emergency (between1940s-1960s) and the Indonesian Confrontation Another benefit of Malaysia being part of the Commonwealth is the help that the Commonwealth provided Malaysia with during the Malayan emergency and the Indonesian Confrontation. During the Malayan Emergency Malaya gained a lot of help from the Commonwealth. During that period of time Commonwealth countries Commonwealth countries like Australia cooperated with British forces, locally and raised units, and military personnel from other various British Commonwealth countries including New Zealand. Other benefits that Malaysia obtained from the Commonwealth was New Zealand helped in training members of the Malaysian Armed Forces at that time. During the Indonesian Confrontation, the Australian Regiment (Commonwealth Brigade) served in Sarawak between April and August 1966 to help during the confrontation. The Confrontation was a conflict between Indonesia and Malaysia that took place mainly on the island of Borneo. Malaysia British and Commonwealth forces including Australia helped and supported Malaysia. 1964 the Indonesians stunned the British and Malaysians by beginning a series of paratroops and seaborne raids into southern Malaysia leading to fears that the Malayan Emergency would be renewed. At that time, the Commonwealth troops in Malaysia, including Australia, were called into action to deal with the raiders, and the Australian Government agreed to the deployment of an Australian Army battalion in Borneo to help the Commonwealth forces on the island. The Commonwealth reinforcements began by setting up strong points along known infiltration routes. The British Government also gave its approval for Commonwealth forces to conduct patrols across the border into Indonesian territory. This forced the Indonesians onto the defensive and prevented Indonesian incursions into northern Borneo. The policy of Confrontation, which had been intended to prevent this outcome, had cost the lives of 590 Indonesians and 114 Commonwealth soldiers (Australian involvement in South-East Asian conflicts 2009). This shows that the entry of Malaysia into the Commonwealth had many benefits. Through the help of the Commonwealth countries Malaysia was able to maintain its peace during times of great needs. Benefits of Malaysia being a Commonwealth country Malaysia has become an independent country on the 31st of August 1957 and has become a member of the Commonwealth ever since. As Malaysia became a member of the Commonwealth, Malaysia gained many benefits. In the early days of the Commonwealth, the benefit of being part of the Commonwealth was all Commonwealth countries accorded each others’ goods privileged access to their markets and there was a free or preferred right of migration from one Commonwealth country to another. Besides these, Commonwealth consumers retain many preferences for goods from other members of the Commonwealth, so that even in the absences of tariff privileges, there continues to be more rade within the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth also provides benefits to the citizens of Commonwealth countries. For example, the Commonwealth places moral pressure on members who violate international laws, such as human rights, laws and abandon democratically elected government. So if anything like this would to happen to Malaysian citizens or other to Commonwealth citizens the Commonwealth would help. Besides that, the Commonwealth also tra ins experts in developing countries and assisting the by monitoring elections. Other benefits of Malaysia being part of the Commonwealth is we can learn many cultural and historical links between wealthy first class countries and poorer developing nations with diverse social and reglious backgrounds. The common inheritance of the English language and literature, the common law and British systems of administrations, is also another benefit of Malaysia being part of the Commonwealth. Malaysian citizens also have some distinctive rights, for example, Malaysian citizens are usually entitled to register to vote in the elections of other Commonwealth countries if they are residents in that specific country. Malaysian citizens (mainly citizens of Penang and Malacca) who were born on before 1st of January 1983 and have either a British born mother or father have the ‘right of abode’. This right entitles them to enter, live and work in the United Kingdom. Woman from Malaysia who has married to a British man before 1st January 1983 are also entitled to this right. Those who come to the United Kingdom in this scheme may claim state benefits if they intend to make United Kingdom their permanent home. (WordIQ. com 2011). Commonwealth countries like Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Britain has also helped Malaysia maintain its peace after gaining its independence in 1957 by restricting the influence of the Malaya Communist party (Parti Komunis Malaya (PKM)) and defending Malaysia against the terrorism of the Communist party lead by Chin Peng. Besides that, a defence agreement between Malaysia, Britain, Australia and New Zealand was obtained when Indonesia declared a confrontation against Malaysia. Malaysia also uses the Commonwealth as a bridge for participating in various socioeconomic and political activities. Malaysia is also the Commonwealth Secretariat for drawing up technical cooperation programmes such as technology management, agricultural training, environment and remote sensing. The main benefit of being part of the Commonwealth is the opportunity for close and relatively frequent interaction, on an informal and equal basis, between members who share many ties of language, culture and history (WordIQ. com 2011). Another benefit that Malaysia gained from being part of the Commonwealth is all Malaysian products exported to other Commonwealth countries such are given a low tax rate. Another benefit of being part of the Commonwealth is the Commonwealth games. All countries that are members of the Commonwealth are allowed to compete in the Commonwealth games. Malaysia has been competing in the Commonwealth games since 1966 and has won a total of 128 medals over that period of time (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011). Furthermore, scholarships and fellowship are awarded by Commonwealth countries to citizens of other Commonwealth countries under the Commonwealth and Fellowship plan. Malaysia has also awarded citizens of other Commonwealth countries with scholarships and fellowships under the Commonwealth and Fellowship plan. Malaysia offers up to 10 Commonwealth scholarships each year for Master’s or PHD study. Besides that, other advantages of being a part of the Commonwealth is the Commonwealth Writer’s Prize award . Two Malaysians were awarded with that award. Tash Aw was a Commonwealth Writers’ Prize regional winner with the ‘Harmony Silk Factory’ in 2006 and so was Sri Lankan Rani Manicka who was born in Malaysia, with her novel ‘The Rice Mother’ (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011). Besides that, Malaysia has also been able to have diplomatic relations with many other Commonwealth countries and this has brought many benefits to Malaysia and its people. Boyce P. J) Malaysia in the Commonwealth Malaysia also plays a very active and prominent role in the Commonwealth. Its contributions to the Commonwealth are varied and wide-ranging. For example, Malaysia had once chaired the High Level Appraisal Group on the Commonwealth that reviewed the roles and structures of the Commonwealth in the 1990s and beyond. Malaysia also again chaired the first meeting of the Steering Committee of Senior Officials (SCOSO) in 1993 which was tasked to provide policy guidance and future strategic directions for the Commonwealth Secretariat in carrying out the mandates entrusted to it. Malaysia has also participated in several Commonwealth Observer Missions to member countries such as Bangladesh, Ghana, Malawi, Namibia, Pakistan, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia and Nigeria, to observe the conduct of elections in these countries. These observer missions were part of the Commonwealth’s contribution to the active promotion of the Commonwealth’s fundamental political values, in particular the strengthening of democracy. Malaysia was also able to criticise and show its dissatisfaction towards South Africa through the Commonwealth for its apartheid policies. Malaysia was also responsible for the withdrawal of South Africa from the Commonwealth. The withdrawal of South Africa from the Commonwealth is mainly because Tunku Abdul Rahman had campaigned for the expulsion of South Africa before and during the 1960s Prime Ministers conference (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011). Malaysian senior Commonwealth officers Being a part of the Commonwealth also allows Commonwealth citizens to be a part of the Commonwealth board of members. Some Malaysians were also given the opportunity to be part of the Commonwealth board members mainly as Commonwealth officers. Some examples of Malaysian senior Commonwealth members include: †¢Mohd Shafie Apdal, Chair of the Executive Committee of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association †¢Mohamed Sidek Hassan, member of the Board of Directors, Commonwealth Association for Public Administration and Management †¢Professor Gajaraj Dhanarajan, President and Chief Executive Officer, Commonwealth of Learning 1995-2004 †¢Dr Omar bin Abdul Rahman, Chair, Commonwealth Partnership for Technology Management †¢Professor Dato Abdullah Malim Baginda, Joint Honorary President, Common Wealth Network for People Centred Development International (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011) Commonwealth meetings that Malaysia hosted Being a part of the Commonwealth also allows Malaysia to host any Commonwealth meetings. In 1989, the Commonwealth Head of Governments Meeting was held in Malaysia for the first time. This meeting resulted in the Kuala Lumpur Statement and the Langkawi Declaration on environment. The Langkawi Declaration was the first Commonwealth statement that included environmental protection as a vital factor in development. In 1998, Malaysia hosted the Third Commonwealth Youth Ministers Meeting. Then in the same year the Commonwealth games was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia for the first time. In the year 2004, the first Commonwealth Tourisms Meeting was held in Malaysia. In 2009, The Seventeenth Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011). Commonwealth Projects Another benefit of being a part of the Commonwealth is the Commonwealth projects. Malaysia has been able to join Commonwealth projects has benefited Malaysia. Export-Oriented CPB Institutional strengthening (2007/08) This Commonwealth Secretariat commissioned project provided assistance to the Government of Malaysia in improving the competitiveness of the Malaysian Professional Services Development Corporation (PSDC). Assistance was provided to develop systems and structures which strengthened professional capacity. The PSDC strategic orientation was redefined to take account of operational and human resources priorities. The project also focused on building the capacity of the PSDC to develop a marketing plan for the promotion of Malaysia professional services. ) Marketing Plan for Professional Services (2000) Assistance was provided (courtesy of the Commonwealth Secretariat) to the Government of Malaysia to formulate a strategic plan for the expansion and diversification of exports of professional services. 3) Expert in Tissue Culture, Malaysian Cocoa Board (2000) The Commonwealth Secretariat commissioned an expert to assist the Malaysian Cocoa Board develop suitable micro propagation techniques for multiplication of cocoa clonal materials. ) Export Market Plan for the Promotion of Professional Services (2000) The objective of this Commonwealth funded programme was to assist the Government of Malaysia in formulating policies and devising implementation strategies and a national plan for an export development programme, designed to assist the expansion and diversification of exports of professional services. 5) Workshop of Project Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation for Points of Contact (1997). The objective of this Commonwealth Secretariat commissioned project was to create awareness among participants of the expected role of POCs and PCPs in the management of technical assistance projects and to enhance their understanding of approaches and techniques used. (Commonwealth Secretariat 2011) Malaysian Technical Cooperation Programme The Malaysian Technical Cooperation Programme (MTCP) was first initiated at the First Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) for Asia Pacific Region in Sydney in February 1978. It was officially launched on 7 September 1980 at the Commonwealth Heads of State Meeting in New Delhi to signify Malaysia’s commitment to South-South Cooperation, in particular Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC). In line with the spirit of South-South Cooperation, Malaysia through the MTCP shares its development experiences and expertise with other developing countries. The MTCP was first formulated based on the belief that the development of a country depends on the quality of its human resources. The programme forms part of the commitment of the Malaysian Government towards the promotion of technical cooperation among developing countries, strengthening bilateral regional cooperation, as well as nurturing collective self-reliance among developing countries. The MTCP emphasises the development of human resources through the provision of training in various areas which are essential for a country’s development such as public administration, good governance, health services, education, sustainable development, agriculture, poverty alleviation, investment promotion, ICT and banking. Various short-term specialised courses are offered by MTCP training institutions, many of which are centres of excellence for training. Since its launching, more than 20,000 participants from 138 countries have benefited from the various programmes offered under the MTCP (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia Malaysian Technical Cooperation Programme). Through this programme not only other countries benefit, but even Malaysia has some benefits. Through this programme Malaysia not only can show others that it has the ability to help other developing countries to develop but it also allows Malaysia to stand out as other developed countries in this world like the United States of America, Japan or even Britain (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia 2011). Young Malaysians and the Commonwealth Malaysia being a part of the Commonwealth has also benefits for young Malaysian citizens as they are allowed to participate in competitions organized by The Royal Commonwealth Society (RCS). The Royal Commonwealth Society (RCS) has run a range of competitions that attract creative talents of young people around the Commonwealth. With writing, film and photography categories, the RCS Young Commonwealth Competitions are open to anybody under the age of 30 living in any Commonwealth countries. They encourage creative responses to global challenges and offer a unique international platform for new young talent. In 2011, all the competitions took the theme â€Å"Science, Technology and Society†. In the 2011 competition, With nearly 4000 entries in the Essay Competition, Zoe Lynn Chitty from Malaysia has been awarded the Special Award for Creative Writing with her story titled â€Å"The day the computer started misbehaving†. Zoe was invited to attend the Gala Awards Ceremony at the Commonwealth Club in London. After returning to Malaysia, Zoe has also written a poem about her trip to London. Her poem, â€Å"The London Rhyme† is about her experience in London when she was there for the high profile award ceremony. Besides that, in 2011, 19-year old Malaysian, Lee Sheng Wang has also been nominated for the Commonwealth Vision Awards in this year’s competition. The Commonwealth Vision Awards promotes excellence in film-making and they were designed to encourage creative filmmaking by young, actual and prospective filmmakers in Commonwealth countries (British High Commission Kuala Lumpur 2011). Conclusion In conclusion, Malaysia has gained many benefits since it became a part of the Commonwealth. The help and support that Malaysia gained from the Commonwealth during the Malayan emergency and the Indonesian Confrontation has been very important because without the help and support of the Commonwealth the Malaysia that we know of today might not exist. Furthermore, being a part of the Commonwealth has also given Malaysia the opportunity to become part of many Commonwealth projects that has helped Malaysia in so many ways. Being a part of the Commonwealth has also benefited Malaysian citizens through the competitions it has held, the Commonwealth games and also through the awards and the scholarships it gives.

Joseph E. Johnston in the American Civil War

Joseph E. Johnston in the American Civil War Joseph Eggleston Johnston was born February 3, 1807, near Farmville, VA. The son of Judge Peter Johnston and his wife Mary, he was named for Major Joseph Eggleston, his fathers commanding officer during the American Revolution. Johnston was also related to Governor Patrick Henry through his mothers family. In 1811, he moved with his family to Abingdon near the Tennessee border in southwestern Virginia.   Educated locally, Johnston was accepted to West Point in 1825 after being nominated by Secretary of War John C. Calhoun. A member of the same class as Robert E. Lee, he was a good student and graduated in 1829 ranked 13 of 46. Commissioned as a second lieutenant, Johnston received an assignment to the 4th US Artillery. In March 1837, he left the army to begin studying civil engineering. Antebellum Career Later that year, Johnston joined a surveying expedition to Florida as a civilian topographical engineer. Led by Lieutenant William Pope McArthur, the group arrived during the Second Seminole War. On January 18, 1838, they were attacked by the Seminoles while ashore at Jupiter, FL. In the fighting, Johnston was grazed in the scalp and McArthur wounded in the legs. He later claimed that there were no less than 30 bullet holes in his clothing. Following the incident, Johnston decided to rejoin the US Army and traveled to Washington, DC that April. Appointed a first lieutenant of topographical engineers on July 7, he was immediately brevetted to captain for his actions at Jupiter. In 1841, Johnston moved south to take part in surveying the Texas-Mexico border. Four years later, he married Lydia Mulligan Sims McLane, the daughter of Louis McLane, president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and prominent former politician. Though married until her death in 1887, the couple never had children. A year after Johnstons wedding, he was called into action with the outbreak of the Mexican-American War. Serving with Major General Winfield Scotts army in 1847, Johnston took part in the campaign against Mexico City. Initially part of Scotts staff, he later served as second in command of a regiment of light infantry. While in this role, he earned praise for his performance during the Battles of Contreras and Churubusco. During the campaign, Johnston was twice brevetted for bravery, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel, as well as was severely wounded by grape shot at the Battle of Cerro Gordo and was hit again at Chapultepec. Interwar Years Returning to Texas after the conflict, Johnston served as the chief topographical engineer of the Department of Texas from 1848 to 1853. During this time, he commenced writing Secretary of War Jefferson Davis a series of letters requesting a transfer back to an active regiment and arguing over his brevet ranks from war. These requests were largely declined though Davis did have Johnston appointed lieutenant colonel of the newly-formed 1st US Cavalry at Fort Leavenworth, KS in 1855. Serving under Colonel Edwin V. Sumner, he took part in campaigns against the Sioux and helped to quell the Bleeding Kansas crisis. Ordered to Jefferson Barracks, MO in 1856, Johnston took part in expeditions to survey the borders of Kansas.    The Civil War After service in California, Johnston was promoted to brigadier general and made Quartermaster General of the US Army on June 28, 1860. With the beginning of the Civil War in April 1861 and secession of his native Virginia, Johnston resigned from the US Army. The highest ranking officer to leave the US Army for the Confederacy, Johnston initially was appointed a major general in the Virginia militia before accepting a commission as a brigadier general in the Confederate Army on May 14. Dispatched to Harpers Ferry, he took command of troops that had been gathering under the command of Colonel Thomas Jackson. Dubbed the Army of the Shenandoah, Johnstons command rushed east that July to aid Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregards Army of the Potomac during the First Battle of Bull Run. Arriving on the field, Johnstons men helped turn the tide of the fighting and secured a Confederate victory. In the weeks after the battle he aided in designing the famed Confederate battle flag before receiving a promotion to general in August. Though his promotion was backdated to July 4, Johnston was angered that he was junior to Samuel Cooper, Albert Sidney Johnston, and Lee. The Peninsula As the highest ranking officer to leave the US Army, Johnston firmly believed he should have been the senior officer in the Confederate Army. Arguments with now Confederate President Jefferson Davis over this point further soured their relationship and the two men effectively became enemies for the remainder of the conflict. Placed in command of the Army of the Potomac (later Army of Northern Virginia), Johnston moved south in the spring of 1862 to deal with Major General George McClellans Peninsula Campaign. Initially blocking Union forces at Yorktown and fighting at Williamsburg, Johnston began a slow withdrawal west. Nearing Richmond, he was forced to make a stand and attacked the Union army at Seven Pines on May 31. Though he halted McClellans advance, Johnston was badly wounded in the shoulder and chest. Taken to the rear to recover, command of the army was given to Lee. Criticized for giving ground before Richmond, Johnston was one of a few who had immediately recognized that the Confederacy lacked the material and manpower of the Union and he worked to protect these limited assets. As a result, his frequently surrendered ground while seeking to protect his army and find advantageous positions from which to fight. In the West Recovering from his wounds, Johnston was given command of the Department of the West. From this position, he oversaw the actions of General Braxton Braggs Army of Tennessee and Lieutenant General John Pembertons command at Vicksburg. With Major General Ulysses S. Grant campaigning against Vicksburg, Johnston desired Pemberton to unite with him so that their combined force could defeat the Union army. This was blocked by Davis who desired Pemberton to stay within the Vicksburg defenses. Lacking the men to challenge Grant, Johnston was forced to evacuate Jackson, MS allowing the city to be taken and burned. With Grant besieging Vicksburg, Johnston returned to Jackson and worked to build a relief force. Departing for Vicksburg in early July, he learned that the city had capitulated on the Fourth of July. Falling back to Jackson, he was driven from the city later that month by Major General William T. Sherman. That fall, following his defeat at the Battle of Chattanooga, Bragg asked to be relieved. Reluctantly, Davis appointed Johnston to command the Army of Tennessee in December. Assuming command, Johnston came under pressure from Davis to attack Chattanooga, but was unable to so because of a lack of supplies. The Atlanta Campaign Anticipating that Shermans Union forces at Chattanooga would move against Atlanta in the spring, Johnston built a strong defensive position at Dalton, GA. When Sherman began advancing in May, he avoided direct assaults on the Confederate defenses and instead began a series of turning maneuvers which forced Johnston to abandon position after position. Giving up space for time, Johnston fought a series of small battles at places such as Resaca and New Hope Church. On June 27, he succeeded in halting a major Union assault at Kennesaw Mountain, but again saw Sherman move around his flank. Angered by a perceived lack of aggression, Davis controversially replaced Johnston on July 17 with General John Bell Hood. Hyper-aggressive, Hood repeatedly attacked Sherman but lost Atlanta that September. Final Campaigns With Confederate fortunes flagging in early 1865, Davis was pressured to give the popular Johnston a new command. Appointed to lead the Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and also the Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia, he possessed few troops with which to block Shermans advance north from Savannah. In late March, Johnston surprised part of Shermans army at the Battle of Bentonville, but was ultimately forced to withdraw. Learning of Lees surrender at Appomattox on April 9, Johnston began surrender talks with Sherman at Bennett Place, NC. After extensive negotiations, Johnston surrendered the nearly 90,000 troops in his departments on April 26. After the surrender, Sherman gave Johnstons starving men ten days rations, a gesture that the Confederate commander never forgot. Later Years Following the war, Johnston settled in Savannah, GA and pursued a variety of business interests. Returning to Virginia in 1877, he served one term in Congress (1879-1881) and was later commissioner of railroads in the Cleveland Administration. Critical of his fellow Confederate generals, he served as a pallbearer at Shermans funeral on February 19, 1891. Despite cold and rainy weather, he refused to wear a hat as a sign of respect for his fallen adversary and caught pneumonia. After several weeks of battling the sickness, he died on March 21. Johnston was buried at Green Mount Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.

International trade theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International trade theory - Essay Example Economists beginning from the age of Adam Smith nevertheless, have vehemently refuted this theory and established the concept of comparative advantage which could arise only when the scope of international trade is open. Comparative advantage theory which is widely followed today states that factors of production are not available uniformly around the world. It is wise for a nation not to invest in producing all its needs; rather it could specialise in the production of the good which could be produced most efficiently and at the cheapest rates (Peng, 2008, p. 127). This is the innate strategy being followed by most successful nations in the world today. Hence, it could be claimed that mercantilism is a bankrupt theory that has no place in the modern world. Answer to Question 2 Free trade is an economic phenomenon which supports an unbarred flow of goods and services across international boundaries. Since there is no government intervention in this case, the actual demand and supply positions of the commodity in question is reflected through its market price. Since there are no mark ups to prices, such a policy is advantageous for the producers as well as consumers of the concerned commodity. However, government intervention could be regarded as necessary in case of certain exhaustible resources whose supply needs to be rationed to guarantee future consumption as well. Such a restriction cannot be imposed in situations where free trade exists. A good example is that of oil prices which had been at pretty low rates prior to 1971, when these values were guided by market mechanism. However, concerns about the precious resources being replenished compelled the World Trade Organisation to sanction its restrictive use. Answer to Question 3 There has been an increasing tendency among developed nations to assume a protectionist position in many aspects of international trade. Many of them who had previously sought the services of less developed or emerging nations to c ater to the needs of their residents, have turned dead against such a strategy, posing a view that such a mindset could hamper employment opportunities in the recipient nation. They have termed it as â€Å"unfair† import competition due to the potential loss of jobs that such practice is leading to. Such a standpoint however has differentiated impacts upon various sections of the recipient nation. (a) It might be of high interest for the union houses who often adopt practices to apparently pacify the workers and show them the former’s alignment to them. (b) The people who are represented by the unions might be benefitted if the national government adopts such policies, since in the short run, they would be rewarded with higher employment opportunities. (c) The nation however, is likely to land up in a worse situation since they have to subsidise the companies which adhered to such practices. Even if they decide not to fund their needs, they would be in an inferior posi tion given that the companies no longer reap as wide a profit margin as before which reduces the national income statistics. Answer to Question 4 A free-trade regime had been supported by Ricardian economic theory after David Ricardo pointed out the scope of comparative advantage that partner

Environmental Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmental Analysis - Essay Example Marketing is the concluding approach used to endorse the selling strategy for products such as the iPhone 4s. Marketing has then been cleverly practiced at the company to encourage its business. With this understanding, this paper critically examines Apple Inc. and the application of PESTEL analysis. Introduction In any given business organization, management is something which should be done in the right manner possible, and this should be able to integrate all elements of management and functions as well. This becomes a defining application which has the capability of improving performance and ensuring that business goals have been realized within the shortest time possible. For instance, within any strategies of management, it should be appropriate to adopt a number of practices, theories and organizational adoptions which have the capability of improving performance of business organization. In this study, it would be necessary to understand the issue of leader and management and how they can be viewed and adopted towards ensuring that the greatest gains have been realized in the business organization. Different organizations have been able to come into terms with such approaches, and hence they have been in a position of realizing the greatest gains within their business operations. ... 38). This kind of leadership and organizational responsibility has been something very significant for the business, and as well has been able to bring a new wave of promotional engagement which has been seeing an improvement in the business engagement thus leading to the realization of business goals. Basically, Apple Corporation has been able to improve its business engagements, and hence becoming one of the best performing businesses in the economy of the country. There has also been an effective modality in decision making which has been vital towards the realization of business goals. Management and leadership ideologies have been adopted in the best manner thus leading to the realization of goals within the business (Wharam, 2009). In that sense, it should be worth noting that the best of gains in any business shall be only be in line with the kind of engagement of management and leadership which have been adopted in the business (Gill, 2006). It would thus be very appropriate to study the kind of engagements which have been adopted in this business and see how it has been able to become a perfect performer in the business. Management and Leadership: Apple Corporation At Apple, there has been the need of ensuring that all business engagements have been appropriately led and managed towards the realization of the best business goals. In that sense, it should be necessary to apply all management functions as this has the capability of ensuring that the best of gains have been realized in the operations of the business. However, there should be the need of understanding that there are a number of differences between management and leadership (Rost, 2004). In management, this is a wide conceptual